Empreendedorismo e cooperativismo como base para geração do emprego em regiões distintas do Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21574/remipe.v8i1.330Keywords:
cooperatives, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial characteristics, entrepreneurial attitudeAbstract
Entrepreneurship proves to be important for social and economic issues and even for survival. Business activities can be distinguished between entrepreneurship by opportunity (pull) or by necessity (push). This study aims to analyze the factors that propel the individual to entrepreneurship, as evidenced by their characteristics in cooperatives, whether by opportunity or by necessity. The research was characterized in a multiple case study where four cooperatives were studied, two located in the Southern region of Brazil and two in the Northeastern region. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through content analysis. The results showed that the formation of the cooperatives of the Southern region was characterized as entrepreneurship by opportunity while those of the Northeast presented characteristics of both types. Regardless of whether they were formed by opportunity or by necessity, the cooperatives analyzed were looking for new business challenges. In the analyzed cases, regardless of what makes entrepreneurship happen, the global principles of cooperativism are preserved, as well as its characteristics such as the fact that its members take full responsibility for management as well as participation in results.
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Wagner, J. (2005). Nascent Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs in Germany Evidence from the Regional Entrepreneurship Monitor (REM), Working Paper n°10, University of Lüneburg Working Paper Series in Economics, 1-24.
Williams, C. C. (2008). The motives of off-the-books entrepreneurs: necessity- or opportunity-driven? Springer Science, 5, 203-217.
Williams, C. C. & Round, J. (2009). Evaluating informal entrepreneurs’ motives: evidence from Moscow. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 15(1), 94-107.
Williams, N. & Williams, C. C. (2014). Beyond necessity versus opportunity entrepreneurship: some lessons from English deprived urban neighborhoods. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(1), 23-40.
Amit, R. & Muller, E. (1995). “Push” and “pull” entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 12(4), 64-80.
Bardin, L. (2004). Análise de conteúdo. Lisboa: Edições 70.
Battilani, P. & Schröter, H. (2013). The Cooperative Business Movement, 1950 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
Barton, D. G. (1989). What is a cooperative? In: Cobia, d. Cooperatives in agriculture. New Jersey. Prentice Hall.
Bergmann, H. & Sternberg, R. (2007). The Changing Face of Entrepreneurship in Germany. Small Business Economics, 28(2-3), 205-221.
Bhola, R., Verheul, I., Thurik, R., & Grilo, I. (2006). Explaining engagement levels of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs, EIM Business and Policy Research, H200610.
Block, J. & Sandner, P. (2006). The Effect of Motivation on Self-Employment Duration in Germany: Necessity versus Opportunity Entrepreneurs, Munich Personal RePEC Archive Paper, 215.
Block, J. & Wagner, M. (2006). Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs in Germany: Characteristics and Earnings Differentials. Munich Personal RePEC Archive Paper, 610.
Block, J. F. & Wagner, M. (2010). Necessity and Opportunity entrepreneurs and their duration in self-employment: characteristics and earnings differentials. Schmalenbach Business Review, 62, 154-174.
Chen, X. & Zhang, S. (2015) Promotion of the Opportunity Entrepreneurship to Improve Employment Effect. 5th International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Medicine.
Chrysostome, E. (2010). The Success Factors of Necessity Immigrant Entrepreneurs. Thunderbird International Business Review, 52(2), 137-152.
Davidson, P. & Honig, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18, 301–331.
Diaz-Foncea, M. & Marcuello, C. (2013). Entrepreneurs and the context of cooperative organizations: a definition of cooperative entrepreneur. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 30(4), 238-351.
Evans, D. & Leighton, L. (1989). Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship, American Economic Review, 79(3), 519-535.
Giacomin, O., Janssen, F., Guyot, J. L., & Lohest, O. Opportunity and/or necessity entrepreneurship? The impact of the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs, working paper (MPRA_paper_29506). Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 2011.
Hamilton R. T. (1989). Unemployment and business formation rates: reconciling time series and cross-section evidence. Environment and Planning, 21, 249-255.
Humbert, A. L. & Drew, E. (2010). Gender, entrepreneurship and motivational factors in an Irish context. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, (2), 173-196.
Kanbur, S. M. R. (1982). Entrepreneurial risk taking, inequality, and public policy: An application of inequality decomposition analysis to the general equilibrium effects of progressive taxation. Journal of Political Economy, 90, 1–21.
Kautonen, T. & Palmroos, J. (2010). The impact of a necessity-based start-up on subsequent entrepreneurial satisfaction. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6(3), 285-300.
Kenney, M. (1986). Schumpeterian innovation and entrepreneurs in capitalism: a case study of the U. S. Biotechnology industry. Research Policy, 15.
Kirzner, I. M. (1979). Perception, opportunity, and profit: studies in the theory of entrepreneurship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lopes, A. S. (2002). Globalização e Desenvolvimento Regional. Gestão e Desenvolvimento, 11, 9-25.
Marlow S. & Storey D. J. (1992). ‘New Firm Foundation and Unemployment: A Note on Research Method’, International Small Business Journal, 10, 62-67.
McClelland, D. C. (1972). A sociedade competitiva. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura.
McDonnell, D. P., Macknight, E. C. & DONNELLY, H. (2012). Co-operative entrepreneurship: co-operate for growth. Recuperado em 28 de dezembro, 2020, de https://aura.abdn.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/2164/7699/Co_operative_Entrepreneurship_Co_operate_for_growth.pdf?sequence=1.
Schneider, J. E. (1981). O cooperativismo agrícola na dinâmica social do desenvolvimento periférico dependente: o caso brasileiro. In: LOUREIRO, M. Rita, org. Cooperativas Agrícolas e Capitalismo no Brasil. São Paulo: Cortez.
Schumpeter, J. (1942). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper & Row.
Shane, S. (2000). Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities. Organization Science, 11, 448–469.
Storey D. J. (1991). The Birth of New Firms – Does unemployment matter? A Review of Evidence. Small Business Economics, v. 3, p. 167-178.
Storey, D. & Johnson, S. (1987). Regional variations in entrepreneurship in the UK. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 34(2), 161-73.
Townsend, D. M., Busenitz, L. W. & Arthurs, J. D. (2010). To start or not to start: outcome and ability expectations in the decision to start a new venture. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(2), 192-202.
Uhlaner, L. & Thurik, R. (2007). Post materialism influencing total entrepreneurial activity across nation. Journal of Evolutionary Economics,17(2), 161-185.
Wagner, J. (2005). Nascent Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs in Germany Evidence from the Regional Entrepreneurship Monitor (REM), Working Paper n°10, University of Lüneburg Working Paper Series in Economics, 1-24.
Williams, C. C. (2008). The motives of off-the-books entrepreneurs: necessity- or opportunity-driven? Springer Science, 5, 203-217.
Williams, C. C. & Round, J. (2009). Evaluating informal entrepreneurs’ motives: evidence from Moscow. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 15(1), 94-107.
Williams, N. & Williams, C. C. (2014). Beyond necessity versus opportunity entrepreneurship: some lessons from English deprived urban neighborhoods. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(1), 23-40.
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Published
2022-04-01
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Kudlawicz-Franco, C., & Scaglione, V. L. T. . (2022). Empreendedorismo e cooperativismo como base para geração do emprego em regiões distintas do Brasil. REMIPE - Revista De Micro E Pequenas Empresas E Empreendedorismo Da Fatec Osasco, 8(1), 60–78. https://doi.org/10.21574/remipe.v8i1.330
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